Abstract : Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in women, and its incidence is on the increase. Knowledge and practice of breast self-examination are important strategies for early detection of the disease. The general objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of health education on breast self-examination amongst secondary school girls in Anambra State, Nigeria. Methodology: It was a before and after interventional study with control, in which 261 school girls were selected by multi-stage sampling method. The study group (197) which received health education was assessed contemporaneously with the control (64) at the pre- and post-intervention stages. Data was collected via self-administered questionnaire. Before health education, questionnaires were administered to assess their baseline knowledge, attitude and practice of breast self-examination. The study group received information on breast self- examination, but the control group had health talk on the basics of hand washing technique. Questionnaires were administered again to both groups to assess the effectiveness of education on breast self-examination. Data was analyzed and presented in tables. Result: Showed a significant increase in the percentage score for knowledge from 40.9% to 85% for the study group as opposed to the control group which percentage score remained unchanged at 47.1%. The attitude scores of respondents in both groups which were almost the same before education (93.4% and 87.5% respectively) before education, did not record significant changes following education (98% and 84.4% respectively).Overall the practice score reduced markedly from 67% to 39.6% among study group (p<0.001) but among those who continued BSE after education, significant improvements in specific practice item scores were recorded among them: (frequency- p<0.01; time- p<0.001; and place- p<0.001) Conclusion: The results demonstrated the effectiveness of education on th

Keyword : Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Breast-self-examination, Health education, Effectiveness

Abstract : Background and Aims: Type 2 diabetes is not one disease but rather a heterogenous group of syndromes characterized by elevation of fasting blood glucose. Highly sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) is an acute phase reactant and a sensitive marker of inflammation. Hyperglycemia can potentially promote the production of Hs-CRP. The aim of this study was to correlate the association of fasting blood glucose with Hs-CRP and some other cardio metabolic concentrations. Methods: A total number of 355 adults, age 30-60 yrs, subjects were recruited in the study. Of them 192 subjects was non diabetic (control) group and 163 was diabetic (study) group. Vital statistics were taken along with measurement of blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and Hs-CRP levels. Data were analyzed using statistical Package for Social Program (SPSS) for Windows version 17. Results: In comparison to non diabetic subjects, diabetic are significantly older (P=0.001), have higher BMI (P=0.001), higher waist hip ratio (P=0.042) and higher body fat mass% (P<0.0001). Systolic blood pressure is high in diabetic subjects but not statistically up to significant level but diastolic blood pressure is high (P=0.016). In biochemical parameters Triglyceride (P=0.001) and Hs-CRP (P<0.001) are significantly higher and High Density lipoproteins (HDLs) are significantly lower (P=0.030) in diabetic subjects. Conclusion: Anthropometric parameters are found to be high in diabetic subjects compared to non diabetic subjects. High level of Hs-CRP, Triglyceride and low level of HDL-c is also observed in diabetic subjects. Literature is reviewed accordingly.

Keyword : High sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), Diabetes mellitus, biochemical parameters, Lipids

Abstract : The present study attempted to investigate the emotional intelligence and Self-efficacy of male and female job aspirants in India. The participants comprised of 465 job aspirants appeared in the Service Selection Board including both males (n=264) and females (n=201). Participants belong to various part of India and their age range was between 20 to 27 years with Mean of 21.85 years and SD 1.15 years. The mean age of males was 21.82 and SD 1.13 and the mean age of female was 21.87 and SD 1.17. They were randomly selected and administered Emotional Competence Inventory and Generalized Self-efficacy Scale. To test the hypotheses, descriptive Statistics (Mean, SD), 2x2 ANOVA and regression have been employed. The results showed that Self-management, Social-awareness and social skills were positively related to Self-efficacy. Self-awareness was positively related to Self-management, Social Awareness, And Social Skills. Self-management found to be related with Social Awareness and social skill. There was no significant difference on Emotional Competency with respect to male and female job aspirants. High self-efficacy was found irrespective of gender.

Keyword : Emotional Competency Inventory (ECI), Self-Efficacy (SE)

Abstract : Several changes occurs in menopausal phase in women which may lead to changes in metabolism of lipids, protein and carbohydrates. The objective of this study was to assess the concentration of total serum lipid profile, in pre and post menopausal Sudanese women. This is descriptive case control study carried in Babanosawestkord of an .One hundred (100) apparently healthy, non pregnant females (40premenopausal and 60 post menopausal) were recruited for the study. Serum total cholesterol and the fractions- high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) were estimated using enzymatic and established mathematical methods. The (mean±SD)of total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL and Triglyceride in post menopause respectively were (159.5±14.5, 62.6± 8, 79.1± 9.7, 104.6±9.4).while The (mean ±SD)of total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL and Triglyceride in pre menopause Respectively were(137.2 ± 12.5, 84,8±6,5,31.7± 8,5,103.4 ±7.3). The results showed that there was significant difference in the total serum cholesterol between the two groups. There was however, a significant reduction of HDL in the postmenopausal group (P value <0.005) and a significant increase in the level of LDL in the postmenopausal group (P value <0.005). The elevated LDL and the reduction of cardio protective HDL is an indication that menopause is an independent risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease in our environment. There was no significant difference in the triglycerides between the two groups (p value > 005). The result was concluded that there was significant increase of total Cholestrol and low density lipoprotien LDL in post menopausal group ,also there was significant decrease of high density lipoprotien HDL when it compared with premenopuase group,(p value 0.00).Triglyceride remind unchanged and no significant difference between the pre and post menopausal groups( p value .517).

Keyword : Cardio vascular disease, High density lipoprotein, Low density lipoprotein coronary heart disease, menopause.