Abstract : Abstract Objective To estimate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding complementary and alternative medicine to control of dyslipidemia and diabetes in the adult population. Background/Introduction Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is the group of medical and health care practices and products that are not generally considered to be part of conventional medicine. CAM remedies can be an important component of health self-management in diabetes and dyslipidemia. Methodology A cross sectional survey based study was carried out at a public health awareness program organized by Oman Medical College in primary health care. All adult >18 years consent to participate in the study were included. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0). Data was expressed in frequencies and percentages and independent sample t-test was used. Result A total of 95 participants have filled the questionnaire, 71.6% were below 50 years and 58.9% were male. Self reported problems 55.8% were type II diabetes, 24.2% were hypertensive,12.6% had known dyslipidemia and smoker. 45.3% were taking medications only 31.6% were having physical activity. Most commonly used herb was garlic 32.6%, black seed and cinnamon 24.2% 26.3% were using it to control diabetes. Nearly half of survey respondents believed CAM can help them achieve better control high cholesterol and diabetes (48.4%) and has fewer side effects (50.5%).An independent samples t-test revealed no statistical significant difference regarding knowledge of CAM between males and females . Conclusion: Lack of knowledge in heart disease in the public can appear in the form unhealthy behaviors. Furthermore its insight may help to transform the gaps in public knowledge which can be filled by increasing health educational programs on Heart disease and Life style modification strategies. Study participants had adequate knowledge regarding risk factors of heart disease however the knowledge about CAM used is not appropriate. There is a positive attitude in public towards CAM used in diabetes and dyslipidemia and most commonly used CAM garlic, black seed and cinnamon.

Keyword : complementary and alternative medicine, dyslipidemia, diabetes , general population, awareness, knowledge, perception

Abstract : Orchid such as Eulophia herbacea, commonly called as Kukud-kand (Family Orchidaceae). According to the folklore, ‘Salep’ of Eulophia tuber is used as an aphrodisiac drug and tonic. Decoction of tuber is used on spermatorrhoea, and menses. Methanolic extract of the tuber was studied for its effect on anabolism, spermatogenesis, and sperm count. Serum profile alteration in blood of albino rat was also recorded. Lead acetate was used to induce reproductive dysfunction in rats. Two doses i.e. 35 and 70 mg/kg of methanolic extract on concomittent administration of it in albino rat showed pronounced anabolic and spermatogenic effect in animals of respective groups. The sperm count in testicular tissues, serum glucose and serum protein level was markedly increased. The extract had dose dependent influence on sperm count and glucose concentration which increased significantly. Restoration of sperm density, sperm viability after plant extract fed treatment in reproductive dysfunctioned animals is noted on the basis of histomorphological studies of testes in rat.

Keyword : Eulophia herbacea Salep Aphrodisiac Anabolic Spermatogenesis, Reproductive dysfunction

Abstract : This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, malaria and co-morbidity in three selected hospitals in Imo State, Nigeria. It was designed to ascertain the distribution of the cases among the variables, patient’s age, occupation, and gender. Also management of diabetes and malaria by patients were considered. A descriptive survey research design was used. The study was carried out in Imo State between August 2016 and November 2016. The study was conducted in three selected hospitals from three geopolitical zones in Imo State. They are Mercy Hospital Umulogho Obowo L.G.A, Holy Rosary Hospital Emekuku Owerri North L.G.A and Trinity Hospital Umuaka Njaba L.G.A. Two hundred and ninety-six (296) patients were tested for diabetes, malaria and co-morbidity of the diseases. Blood samples were collected with 5mls syringes via the vein. The blood samples were tested with glucometer for diabetes and after were also tested for malaria using WHO guideline. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and chi-square (X2). The result showed that out of the 296 patients sampled, 230 (77.7%) were positive for either diabetes, malaria or co-morbidity while 66(22.3%) had no diabetes nor malaria. Also 81(35.2%) had diabetes only, 119 (51.7%) had malaria only, 30 (13.0%) patients had co-morbidity ( both diabetes and malaria). The Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (11.1%), malaria (15.2%) and co-morbidity (4.7%) were higher in Holy Rosary hospital Emekuku than in other hospitals, distribution of diabetes mellitus, malaria and co-morbidity by age indicated that age brackets 40-49years had the highest prevalence of diabetes and malaria 8.3% and 13%, while age range 50-59 and 60-69 had the highest prevalence in co-morbidity (3.9%), P>0.05. On occupation, self employed patients had the highest prevalence of diabetes 13.9%, malaria 20.4% and co-morbidity 5.7%, P>0.05. The distribution of cases of diabetes mellitus, malaria and co-morbidity based on gender, showed that Females in the three hospitals had higher prevalence of diabetes, malaria and co-morbidity than males P<0.05. Most patients 22.5% used blood glucose monitor (glucometer) and oral hypoglycemic agents and drug therapy/use of ITN 31.3% was highest for malaria control. Diabetes, malaria and co-morbidity of the diseases are major global health problems and continuous awareness creation, education and funding for prevention and control is of paramount importance.

Keyword : Diabetes Mellitus, oral hypoglycemic agents

Abstract : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is described as the most common neurobehavioral condition of childhood. The adverse effects of ADHD upon children and their families’ changes from the preschool years to primary school and adolescence, with varying aspects of the disorder being more prominent at different stages. The disorder may affect all aspects of a child’s life. The impacts are not only on the child, but also on parents and siblings, causing disturbances to family and marital functioning. ADHD may persist into adulthood causing disruptions to both professional and personal life. The pharmacotherapy of ADHD is cost-effective, but treatment should be individual. Main outlines of clinical practice guide on management of ADHD of Academy of Medicine and Ministry of Health of Singapore (AMS-MOH, 2014) are discussed in this article. It can be invaluable example for the specialists engaged in the treatment of the children with this psychiatric disorder.

Keyword : ADHD, methylphenidate, atomoxetine

Abstract : Job satisfaction relates to positive, negative emotions and attitudes regarding the job and depends upon various factors. The purpose of this study is to define the job satisfaction of the dieticians and their relation with the socio-demographic variables. The study was conducted with 112 dieticians. “Sociodemographic form” and “Job Satisfaction Survey” were used. Frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean, independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance and correlation were used. "Operating procedures" and "communication" satisfaction scores of dieticians with bachelor's degree are significantly higher than dieticians with postgraduate degree; it was found out that "pay", "contingent rewards", "nature of work" and “total satisfaction” scores of dieticians that work in private hospitals are significantly higher than dieticians that work in public hospitals (p<0,05). Findings from this research can shed light on differences regarding dieticians' job satisfaction. It will be useful for researchers, who will carry out researches regarding the subject in the future, to discuss other factors such as organizational commitment, management approach, in addition to the demographic factors. Accordingly, educators and other stakeholders can better guide and prepare graduates for the realities and challenges that lie ahead for graduates when factors about jobs are better understood.

Keyword : Dietician, job, job satisfaction

Abstract : Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by a large number of motor and non-motor features that can impact on function to a variable degree. The syndrome of parkinsonism is highlighted, which can become apparent with akinetic rigid disorders in other brain injuries including medication-induced parkinsonism. Genetic mutations or variants, neuroimaging abnormalities and other tests are potential biomarkers that may improve diagnosis and allow the identification of persons at risk. This literature review describes pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of PD with emphasis on modern treatment and possibilities of dopamine agonists, especially pramipexole. During pramipexole treatment of the patients with the early and late stages of PD, we can observe the reduction of expression of cognitive and affective (mood) disorders, the improvement of the quality of life and social functioning.

Keyword : Parkinson’s disease, neurodegenerative disease, pramipexole, depression.

Abstract : The Matrix Tablets each containing 50 mg of diclofenac sodium are prepared employing kollidonSR by direct compression method. The hardness of the tablets was in the range of 6-7kg/sq.cm. Weight loss in friability test was less than 0.3% in all the cases. All the matrix tablets prepared contained 100±2.3% of the labelled claim. All the tablets were found to be non-disintegrating in acidic (pH1.2) and alkaline (pH 7.4) fluids. As such, the prepared tablets were of good quality with respect to drug content, hardness and friability. As the tablets formulated were non- disintegrating in acidic and alkaline fluids, they are considered suitable for colon targeting. From the drug release study it may be concluded that the (DK2) P2 formula of diclofenac sodium matrix tablets have given the desired release profile by showing a minimal release during the lag period of 5 hrs and complete release at the end of 12 hrs. The tablets having the optimised formula (DK2) P2, having 25% kollidonSR with 5% of channelling agent (PEG 6000) showed minimal release of 46% in the lag period of 5 hours and 99.6 % of the drug was released y the end of 12hours. The diclofenac sodium matrix tablets formulated by employing kollidonSR and channelling agent showed non-fickian diffusion mechanism and following zero order kinetics. The optimized formula (DK2) P2 follows Supercase II transport as mechanism for drug release and it follows zero order kinetics. Matrix tablets (DK2) P2 formulated employing 25% kollidonSR and 5% PEG 6000 are best suited to be used for colon targeting of diclofenac sodium.

Keyword : Colon target, PEG 6000, Diclofenac sodium, PVP, Channeling agent