Abstract : ABSTRACT The lecture allows very little interaction and feedback from the students. Class Response System (CRS) can have a catalytic effect on teaching with lecture environments moving from silence and passivity towards dialogue and interaction. The present study was conducted to see the effectiveness of increasing the attentiveness of students in classroom theory lectures and to study the students’ perception of effectiveness of CRS in improved learning outcome. CRS was used in the lecture classes of Public Health for the undergraduate students of MD program of College of Medicine. Students anonymously clicked answers for the questions displayed on the screen. Correct answers were discusses with instant feedback after the CRS session. Likert scale was used to assess students’ opinion on the effectiveness of CRS for better learning. The average percentage of correct responses in the CRS sessions was 77.15 ±10.34. Statistically significantly more number of students got higher grades when CRS was used. 87% of students agreed that it aroused their interest in the class and 79.7% said that it made them more attentive during the lecture. 79.1% agreed that it encouraged discussion over the wrongly answered questions. CRS made the students attentive in the class and created a platform for the students to interact with the teacher and clarify their concepts in the class itself. It helped them in memorizing the key points in the lecture which helped them to recall it even when they studied on their own thereby helping them to get better grades in exams. Keywords: Class response system, concentration, clickers, perception, students.

Keyword : Class response system, concentration, clickers, perception, students.

Abstract : ABSTRACT Myofascial trigger points (MFTP) are the first choice of treatment for all researchers and clinicians in neuro musculoskeletal pain. Trigger point dry needling (TPDN) is an invasive technique involving MFTP stimulation by monofilament needle. The aim of this case study is to find out results of TPDN and K-Taping as a main choice of treatment in chronic low back pain patient. A 35-year-old male patient working as senior physiotherapist, suffering from LBP since 2 years. He reveals history of lifting and transferring a heavy patient from chair to bed 2 years ago. The senior Therapist has been treating patients in outpatient orthopedic clinic for 10 years. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score (where 0 indicates no pain and 10 maximum possible pain) was 6/10 before intervention. The patient was treated for para spinal muscles with TPDN and K-Taping, with core muscle strengthening exercise protocol for 2 sessions with 3 days interval. There was no pain (0/10) reported on VAS Scale after intervention and no impairment or functional limitations, including normal range of motion in all direction and no MFTP on palpation. The patient was able to get back to work without any problem and he was able to resume his previous responsibilities without pain. TPDN with K-Tape intervention proved beneficial for the treatment of chronic low back pain. Further future research is recommended to know if TPDN intervention, with K-Tape is effective in other body parts pain and long-term treatment follow up in larger patient group.

Keyword : Dry needling, K-Taping, chronic low back pain, myofasical trigger point