Archive : Volume - 2, Issue - 1, Month - January
1 Hypercholesterolemia Due to Chronic Renal Failure in Diabetic Sudanese Patients
- Gad A Modawe* ,
- O F Idris ,
- Mohja A Ahmed ,
- A I Tammam ,
- Hisham Seri
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Abstract : This study was conducted to compare the quantitative and qualitative aspects of serum cholesterol in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients due to diabetes with that of CRF in patients due to other causes, and assessing the possibility for developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The study was conducted in 80 Sudanese patients on haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, 40 of them had CRF due to Diabetes mellitus and others had CRF due to other causes. Additional 40 health Sudanese served as control. Serum samples were analyzed using standard colorimetric methods to detect concentration of the total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein. In CRF patients due to diabetes mellitus there was significant increase in serum cholesterol level, also there was consequent decrease in high density lipoprotein. The mean of total cholesterol was 255 mg/dl in the first group and in the second was 183 mg/dl, triacylglycerols was 177 mg/dl for the first group and for the second group was 163 mg/dl, low density lipoproteins was 187 mg/dl for the first group and for the second group was 113 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein cholesterol was 27 mg/dl for the first group and 31 mg/dl for the second group. There was no effect of sex, age and the duration of renal failure. This study demonstrated the effect of diabetes mellitus on lipoprotein level in patients with CRF as one of the atherosclerotic risk factor.
Keyword : Chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipaemia.
2 Effect of Direct Sun Heat Exposure on Creatinine & Creatine Kinase Level
- Gad A Modawe* ,
- Abeer O Elmoubarak ,
- Shamseldein M Ahamed ,
- Omaima A Ahmed ,
- Eltom S Eldin ,
- Imadeldin Elfaki
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Abstract : Illnesses associated with high environmental temperatures include; heatstroke (hyperthermia), heat exhaustion, heat syncope (fainting), and heat cramps, transient heat fatigue. The objective of this study was to estimate the levels of creatinine and creatine kinase (CK) in people who work under direct sun heat exposure, and assess the changes that can be caused. A descriptive, case-control study was conducted in Sudan, Khartoum State, during the period of May to August 2013. A total of 81 males – both case and control subjects – were studied, in which 50 males (61.7%) were the test subjects, which were bankers, and working under cold, air conditioned environment, thus there were not exposed to sun heat. Blood samples from each subject were taken and analyzed for creatinine concentrations and CK activities using spectrophotometeric method. In the test group, the mean ± S.E of creatinine and CK were 0.95 ± 0.13 mg/dl and 201±22 U/L respectively. The mean ± S.E of creatinine and CK in control group were 0.86±0.02 mg/dl, 92±12 U/L respectively. There was significant difference between the means of serum creatinine( p value of 0.004 )and CK(0.00) levels, among the test group compared to the control group. This study concludes that, there is an effect of heat exposure on serum creatinine and serum CK levels causing an appropriate elevation, due to a mild injury to the body, caused by the heat stress. Further studies should be conducted for assessment of the heat stress effect on the body’s systems.
Keyword : Sun heat, Creatinine, Creatine kinase, Sudanese
3 Assessment of25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Serum of Psoriatic Sudanese Patients:A Case-Control Study
- AbdElkarim A Abdrabo* ,
- Sahar A Abdalla
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Abstract : Some autoimmune conditions have been associated with reduced vitamin D levels, has been associated with vitamin D insufficiency. Reports showed that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are inversely associated with chronic inflammatory systemic diseases. The main objective of this study was to estimate 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in patients with psoriasis in comparison with control subjects without this disease. Total of 188 (90 male and 98 female) patients with psoriasis were selected and included in the study. Eighty non-psoriatic individuals (40 male and 40 female) with different ages were included as controls.Levels of 25-OH vitamin D were determined using ELISA test kits (Euroimmun-Germany). serum concentrations of vitamin D were significantly lower in psoriatic patients than in control 19.52±10.03 pg/ml, and 40.39±9.06 pg/ml, respectively. The mean of duration of the disease was 13.08±10.5. The mean age of patient was 33.7±14.6 and of control group was 28.0±7.4. There is insignificant difference between concentrations of vitamin D in female compared to male 21.8±10.7 and 17.2±8.9, respectively, P=0.143. Insignificant correlation was found between duration of disease concentration of Vitamin D, P=0.259. The finding of this study showed that the hypovitaminosis Dwas associated with psoriasis disease in Sudan. Gender and duration of the disease were not associated with vitamin D level.
Keyword : Psoriasis, vitamin D, autoimmune disease, Sudan
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